Thanks for moving it deadbeat, I think it is better to have this here.
If you would like someone to talk about this stuff with ingame, just message me.
Hanyuu's thread is a good starting point, the jousway link explains some terms and has a little bit of information on how people think about charts. The cosmovibe guide covers everything from the basics to the very advanced theories, but doesn't use very many specific examples, so it can be hard to understand exactly what they mean, especially if you don't understand english very well. The cosmovibe guide is best read after you've played around in the editor a bit, and have gotten familiar with the basics of placing notes and such.
There are a bunch of osu!mania mappers with experience from different games who can help out as well. You can also drop by the #osumania channel in chat and ask for some help and I'm sure someone would be willing to help.