When to use short sliders and when not to is mostly up to the mapper, what they want to achieve, the song, and their preference.
if we imagine that these 9 beats all has a drumbeat, where the 1st, 5th and 9th notes have a stronger drum sound than the others.
Depending on the song, a lot of different scenarios might fit well in context of the map. To name a few:
1 Streamjumps
If the overall difficulty of the mapset is high, or the mapset focuses on streams etc, this might be the best option to use, as you emphasize the stronger beats by adding a minijump between them.
2 Streamjumps with sliders
As many probably know, streamjumps can be tricky to get right. If a mapper wants to emphasize the stronger drums by minijumps, but don't want to use streamjumps (maybe because they would be too difficult compared to the overall difficulty of the song), they may opt to use these instead.
3 Just a stream
Fairly straightforward. Map the drums with a stream, and put emphasis with hitsounds. It's easier or harder than the previous one depending on if the player can or can't stream comfortably at that bpm. If your map focuses solely on streaming, and not on jumping, this could be a good idea.
4 Sliders only
Uses a jump to put emphasis again. So this is similar to 2, except easier in terms of finger speed, but harder in terms of finger control and aim. If the focus of the map is aiming or finger control, and not how fast you can move your fingers, this might fit better.
You could also just go with emphasizing the stronger beats with hitsounds like this. The emphasis then comes from audio, instead of your cursor-moving hand.
5 Repeatsliders
Hard difficulties and lighter insane difficulties might want to do this, as they're much easier to do than actually streaming. Emphasis comes from when you have to click to begin the next repeatslider.
Obviously, you can make one big repeatslider as well, using hitsounds for emphasis again.
Of course, some of these might fit in other mapping styles as well, so for example a map mostly focusing on jumps might still just use a regular compact stream, because it fits within the context of the map, or using only sliders might work well if there are drums in the background of a vocal, and you want to follow both at the same time, etc. The use of hitsounds for emphasis also makes it something passive, while using sliders to create more lenient jumps makes it an active way for a player to feel a more powerful beat.
Adding this as a rule would make case 2, 4 and 5 unrankable, and this is in only one scenario where the stronger beats are on the white ticks. There's also when a mapper uses a 1/2 slider to follow drumbeats where the first one is stronger than the second, or using 3/4 sliders + note to essentially mimic a slider where you have to hit both the head and tail of it (because of a held note where beginning and end are equally powerful). While I know you only talk about short sliders, I don't think it would make much sense to limit it only to short sliders. Sliders are still something you hold and slide, no matter how long they are, so if this affects drums in 1/4, they should affect 1/2, 1/1, 2/1 etc, which will create problems for easier difficulties as well. There's also a bunch of 1/3 songs which would be very difficult to map properly. And you'd have to define "short slider". 1/2 sliders at very high bpms? Are they shortsliders? What about long 1/4 sliders in lowbpm maps?
So basically, no I don't think sliders in general should be limited at all in this way. If someone as a mapper dislike using shortsliders, they may just use any other technique to follow the song instead. Then that's their interpretation of the song, and how to put emphasis on the right places. If someone as a player don't like them, then all they have to do is to not play them. If a player dislikes jumps, they go and find non-jumpy maps. Similarily, a player who dislikes shortsliders like these should find maps that don't include them.
While there indeed are a lot of maps mapped these days that use short sliders in a lot of different ways (or maybe just because they want variety in their map), doesn't mean people stopped using other options. Limiting this also won't necessarily mean that the players get more maps, or better maps with other techniques. I don't see any benefit to the community as a whole by "banning" these.
Just random numbers pulled from thin air, but let's say the current mappool of ranked maps have 80% of the maps with shortsliders, and 20% without. With this rule, we get 0% with shortsliders and 100% without. We just removed one option from every player in the game, just to cather to the playerbase that prefers the maps without them, even though they already have maps to play. Also, since these are a trend, the majority of the playerbase most likely like them or don't mind them, so you would essentially only help a minority that already has what they like, but only wants more of it, denying other players what they like completely.
tl;dr: Adding this as a rule would be dumb. Why dumb? read above.
